Green Toolkit for Space

Satellite Components

Satellite subsystems and their parts, organised hierarchically. Expand a system to see its sub-components and associated environmental data.

Avionics

The electronic systems that control satellite operations, including the on-board computer, sensors, and guidance systems.

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On-board Computer

The central processing unit that executes satellite control software, manages subsystem operations, and processes payload data.

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Sensors

Instruments that measure attitude, position, temperature, and other parameters for satellite control and mission operations.

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Communication System

Handles all data transmission between the satellite and ground stations, including telemetry, telecommand, and payload data links.

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Antennas

Transmit and receive radio signals for communication with ground stations and other satellites.

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Transponders

Electronic devices that receive, amplify, and retransmit signals on different frequencies. Key for managing frequency spectrum.

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Power System

Generates, stores, and distributes electrical power to all satellite subsystems. Critical for mission longevity and typically one of the heaviest subsystems.

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Batteries

Rechargeable energy storage units (typically lithium-ion) that provide power during eclipse periods and peak demand.

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Solar Panels

Photovoltaic arrays that convert solar radiation into electrical energy. Manufacturing involves rare earth elements and toxic compounds.

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Propulsion System

Provides thrust for orbital manoeuvres, station-keeping, attitude control, and end-of-life deorbiting. Fuel type selection has significant environmental implications.

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Fuel Cells

Store and manage propellant for the satellite's thrusters. Many traditional propellants such as hydrazine are highly toxic.

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Thrusters

Actuators that produce thrust by expelling propellant. Options range from chemical to electric propulsion with varying environmental profiles.

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Thermal Control

Maintains all satellite components within their operational temperature ranges despite the extreme thermal environment of space.

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Heat Pipes

Passive thermal transport devices that efficiently move heat from hot components to radiators.

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Insulation (MLI)

Multi-layer insulation blankets that protect satellite components from extreme temperature variations in orbit.

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