Resources

Sources (15)

1. ESA Clean Space Initiative

   European Space Agency programme targeting environmental sustainability in space activities.

   Policy EU Source (opens in a new tab)
2. ISO 24113 — Space Debris Mitigation

   This document defines the primary space debris mitigation requirements applicable to all elements of unmanned systems launched into, or passing through, near-Earth space, including launch vehicle orbital stages, operating spacecraft and any objects released as part of normal operations.

   Technical International 1 May 2023 Source (opens in a new tab)
3. ISO Standard 14044:2006 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment

   Technical International
4. ITU Radio Regulations

   International treaty governing the global use of radio-frequency spectrum and satellite orbits.

   Legal International
5. JASON report on the impact of megaconstellations

   The U.S. National Science Foundation commissioned a study by the independent science advisory group JASON to assess the impact of current and planned large satellite constellations on astronomical observations in 2020.

   Technical International 9 Jul 2026 Source (opens in a new tab)
6. JASON Simplified Collision Model python notebook

   Make plots using the JASON simplified collision model This reproduces Fig. 20 of the JASON report on megaconstellations

   Technical International 15 Dec 2021 Source (opens in a new tab)
7. Journal of Space Safety Engineering

   Peer-reviewed academic journal covering safety aspects of space activities.

   Academic
8. Life cycle engineering of space systems: Preliminary findings

   Technical 18 Jan 2023 Source (opens in a new tab)
9. Lithium-ion battery recycling—a review of the material supply and policy infrastructure

   Tembo, P. M., C. Dyer, and V. Subramanian. “Lithium-ion battery recycling—a review of the material supply and policy infrastructure.” NPG Asia Materials 16.1 (2024): 43.

   Academic
10. NASA Technical Report: Satellite End-of-Life Best Practices

    Technical report detailing recommended approaches for satellite decommissioning.

    Technical
11. Outer Space Treaty (1967)

    Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space.

    Legal International
12. REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006)

    EU regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals.

    Legal EU
13. Satellite battery life cycle

    An overview of the satellite battery life cycle that feeds into the Toolkit

    Academic UK Source (opens in a new tab)
14. UN recommendations on transport of batteries

    UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Manual of Tests and Criteria Part III subsection 38.3: ‘Miscellaneous dangerous goods’ including UN 3090, Lithium metal batteries; UN 3480, Lithium-ion batteries; UN 3551, Sodium ion batteries with organic electrolyte. 

    Technical International Source (opens in a new tab)
15. UN Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines

    United Nations guidelines for mitigating space debris in Earth orbits.

    Policy International Source (opens in a new tab)

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